Stainless Steel Tubing Applications

SSINA: Stainless Steel Applications: Tubing: "A Hollow product of round or any other cross-section having a continuous periphery. It may be made in either a seamless or welded form. It is manufactured to specific dimensions, usually the outside diameter and the wall thickness. There are several grades of steel that Tubing is available in. Use the guide below to find out which is right for you. GradeDescriptionApplications 304General PurposeChemical processing equipment, Food processing equipment, Mechanical & structural components, Canopy supports (click here for complete list) 309SCr & Ni increased for high temperatureHeat exchanger tubing, Furnace parts, Oil burner parts, Exhaust pipes 310SSame as 309, only more soAnnealing boxes, Furnace belts, Heat exchanger tubing, Oil burner parts 316Mo added to increase corrosion resistanceFood processing equipment, Mechanical & structural components, Canopy supports, Piping systems (click here for complete list) 317More Mo & Cr added for better corrosion performanceChemical processing tubing, Dyeing equipment, Ink manufacturing equipment, Pulp & paper manufacturing equipment 321Ti added to prevent carbicle precipitationHeat exchanger tubing, Chemical processing tubing, Pressure tank tubing 347Cb added to prevent carbicle precipitationHeat exchanger tubing, Furnace stacks, Chemical processing tubing, Pressure tank tubing 430P & S added for improved machiningMechanical & structural tubing, Architectural tubing, Heat exchanger tubing, Condensers, Re-heaters, Evaporators"

Stainless Steel Bar Applications

Straight lengths either hot rolled, forged, extruded, turned, cold drawn or ground. There are several grades of steel that Bar is available in. Use the guide below to find out which is right for you. GradeDescriptionApplications 304General PurposeHardware, Shafting, Food processing equipment, Fasteners, Anchor bolts (click here for complete list) 309SCr & Ni increased for high temperatureConveyor parts, Furnace parts, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature) (click here for complete list) 310SSame as 309, only more soConveyor parts, Furnace parts, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature) (click here for complete list) 316Mo added to increase corrosion resistanceChemical processing equipment, Shafts, Sea water components, Reinforcing bars (click here for complete list) 317More Mo & Cr added for better corrosion performanceChemical processing equipment, Pulp & paper manufacturing equipment 321Ti added to prevent carbicle precipitationCollector rings, Jet engine parts 347Cb added to prevent carbicle precipitationCollector rings, Jet engine parts 403Select quality for turbines and highly stressed partsJet engine parts 410General PurposeBushings, Bearings, Fasteners, Pump shafts, Screw machine parts: nuts, bolts, screws, shafting, etc. 420Increased C to improve mechanical propertiesCutlery, Dental instruments, Surgical instruments, Fish hooks 430FP & S added for improved machiningParts produced from a screw machine operation 440 (C)C increased for highsest hardness. Cr increased for corrosion resistanceBearings, Bushings, Knives

Stainless Steel Wire Applications

SSINA: Stainless Steel Applications: Wire: "A round or shaped cold reduced product in coils only. There are several grades of steel that Wire is available in. Use the guide below to find out which is right for you. Grade Description Applications 304 General Purpose Fasteners, nails and brads, Lock washers, Wire belts, Rivets, Braided hoses (click here for complete list) 308Higher Cr & Ni used primarily for weldingWelding filler wire 309Cr & Ni increased for high temperatureFurnace Parts 316Mo added to increase corrosion resistanceChemical processing equipment, Shafts, Sea water components, Reinforcing bar tie wire (click here for complete list) 317More Mo & Cr added for better corrosion performanceChemical processing equipment, Pulp & paper manufacturing equipment, Wire cloth 321Ti added to prevent carbicle precipitationHose braid 409Lower Cr Primarily used for automotive exhaustWelding wire for exhaust systems 410General PurposeFasteners, nails and brads, Shafts 420Increased C to improve mechanical propertiesSurgical staples, Dental instruments, Surgical instruments, Fish hooks 430P & S added for improved machiningFormed wire parts, Steel wool, Pot scrubbers 439A higher chromium version of 409Exhaust system brackets, Wheel cover spokes, Welding wire 446Cr increased to improve scaling resistanceGlass sealing pins SHEET & STRIP PLATE BAR WIRE TUBING

Stainless Steel Plate Applications

A flat rolled or forged product: 10 inches (254 mm) and OVER in width, 0.1875 inches (4.76 mm) and OVER in thickness. There are several grades of steel that Plate is available in. Use the guide below to find out which is right for you. GradeDescriptionApplications 304General PurposeChemical equipment, Pressure vessels, Cryogenic vessels, Dairy equipment, Nuclear vessels and components (click here for complete list) 309SCr & Ni increased for high temperatureAnnealing boxes, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature), Conveyor parts, Dryers (click here for complete list) 310SSame as 309, only more soAnnealing boxes, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature), Conveyor parts, Dryers (click here for complete list) 316Mo added to increase corrosion resistanceChemical processing equipment, Food processing equipment, Oil refining equipment, Paper industry digesters, evaporators & handling equipment (click here for complete list) 317More Mo & Cr added for better corrosion performanceChemical processing equipment, Dying equipment Pulp & paper manufacturing equipment, Desalination equipment 321Ti added to prevent carbicle precipitationPlate heat exchangers, Chemical equipment, Fire walls, Pressure tanks 330Si increased for highest heat resistanceAnnealing boxes, Combustion chambers, Burners and exhaust parts 410General PurposePress plates, Coal chutes, Oil burner parts 430P & S added for improved machiningBank vaults, Combustion chambers, Tanks

Stainless Steel Sheet & Strip Applications

Sheet

A flat rolled product in coils or cut lengths: 24 inches (610 mm) and OVER in width and UNDER 0.1875 (4.76 mm) in thickness.

Strip

A flat rolled product in coils or cut lengths: 24 inches (610 mm) and UNDER in width and UNDER 0.1875 (4.76 mm) in thickness.

There are several grades of steel that Sheet & Strip is available in. Use the guide below to find out which is right for you.

304

General Purpose

Cookware, Flatware, Autmomotive wiper arms, Hardware, hinges, Entry Doors(click here for complete list)

305

Ni increased to lower work hardening

Coffee urn tops, Expanded material parts, Formed parts (requiring extra low work hardening characteristics), Free spinning operations(click here for complete list)

309S

Cr & Ni increased for high temperature

Annealing boxes, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature), Conveyor parts, Dryers, Electric range elements, Furnace parts

310S

Same as 309, only more so

Annealing boxes, Furnace belts, Chemical processing equipment (elevated temperature), Conveyor parts Dryers, Furnace parts

316

Mo added to increase corrosion resistance

Chemical processing equipment, Storage tanks, Chemical transportation tanks, Food processing equipment, Oil refining equipment(click here for complete list)


317

More Mo & Cr added for better corrosion performance

Chemical processing equipment, Ink manufacturing equipment, Pharmaceutical processing equipment, Fertilizer handling equipment


321

Ti added to prevent carbicle precipitation

Aircraft exhaust manifold and flanges, Chemical equipment, Fire walls, Pressure tanks

347

Cb added to prevent carbicle precipitation

Aircraft exhaust manifold and flanges, Expansion joints, Furnace stacks and dampers, Welded storage tanks for organic chemicals

330

Si increased for highest heat resistance

Annealing boxes, Combustion chambers, Burners and exhaust parts

409
Lower Cr Primarily used for automotive exhaust

Automotive exhaust systems, Fins for heater tubes, Smoke control ductwork, Transformer and capacitor cases(click here for complete list)

410/410S

General Purpose

Bushings, Trays for oil fractionating towers, Hardware, Cutlery, Press plates

420

Increased C to improve mechanical properties

Cutlery/Scissors, Dental equipment, Surgical equipment

430

P & S added for improved machining

Architectural applications (interior), Automotive trim, Cooking utensils, Food processing equipment

434

Mo added for improved corrosion resistance in auto trim

Automotive trim

Stainless Steel Properties

Most stainless steels have relatively high strength, good corrosion resistance and ductility. The differences are due to the structure and the different alloying elements used. Some general guidelines are:

A) 300 Series:

Excellent corrosion resistance

Typical strength (in the annealed condition) 85 ksi – tensile, 40 ksi – yield and 50% elongation

Cannot be heat treated but can be hardened by “cold working” (up to 185 ksi – tensile, 140 ksi – yield

Non-magnetic

Good high and low temperature mechanical properties

Can be polished to a bright mirror finish

B) “Non-Hardenable” 400 Series

Good corrosion resistance

Typical strength 65 - 75 ksi – tensile, 35 - 50 ksi – yield and elongation 20 - 35%

Magnetic

Limited temperature use

Can be polished

C) “Hardenable” 400 Series

Some adequate corrosion resistance

Hardenable by heat treatment

Magnetic

Somewhat limited temperature use

*The SSINA Designer Handbook “Design Guidelines for the Selection and Use of Stainless Steel” has more data on all the common stainless steels

Martensitic stainless steel

The name given to a structure that results when chromium (in the lower ranges 12 to 17%) and carbon (around 0.15%) is added to iron. This structure can be “heat treated” to high hardness levels and is sometimes called “hardenable stainless” 400 series of which 410, 420 and 440 (very high carbon levels between 0.60 and 1.20 %) are the most common.

Austenitic stainless steel

Austenitic stainless steel



The name given to a structure that has high ductility and consists of both chromium (15 to 30%) and nickel (6 to 20%). The original designation for this type of structure is the 300 series, sometimes called 18-8 or 18% chromium and 8% nickel, of which 304 and 316 are the major grades.

Ferritic stainless steel

The name given to the structure that results when just chromium is added to iron with limited carbon content. The original designation for this structure is the “non-hardenable” 400 series, of which 409 and 430 are the most common. Stainless Steel round bars of 410, 420 and 430.

Stainless Steel Applications

Stainless steel round bars is used in many everyday applications in the home, in industry, in hospitals, in food processing, in farming, in aerospace and in many other areas. This website is designed to acquaint the reader with some of the many uses of stainless steel.

202 Stainless steel round bar is not just one alloy but a series of different compositions designed to provide specific properties and designed for different applications. There are over 150 different stainless steel grades, but about 15 or so are the most commonly used.


To be classified as a stainless steel, the material has to contain iron and must contain at least 10.5% chromium. Other alloying elements are added to increase the corrosion resistance, improve the fabrication properties, increase the high  SS 202 round bar temperature performance, improve the machining characteristics, etc., which is why there are so many grades.